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Simple Vitamin D Deficiency Rickets

Source: www.apsu.org.au
Topic: Rickets
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Sort Desciption: A deficiency in vitamin D leads to rickets and osteomalacia. ... experience, suggests that the aetiology of simple vitamin D deficiency rickets ...

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Vitamin D is critical for calcium homeostasis and for mineralization of the skeleton, especially during the growing years. A deficiency in vitamin D leads to rickets and osteomalacia. These effects are associated with pain, fractures, skeletal deformity, growth retardation, dental enamel defects, delayed developmental milestones and, in severe cases, hypocalcaemic tetany and seizures. If not recognized and properly treated, simple vitamin D deficiency may have long-term sequelae. On the other hand, the disease is entirely preventable with simple dietary measures or vitamin D supplementation. The main site of vitamin D synthesis in the body is in skin exposed to sunshine. In Australia, the majority of infants and children have adequate skin exposure to sunlight for vitamin D synthesis. Despite this, evidence suggests that simple vitamin D deficiency is increasing in Australia (1-6) and other developed countries worldwide (7-11). The literature, and our own experience, suggests that the aetiology of simple vitamin D deficiency rickets over the past decade has been multi-factorial. Children at risk of simple vitamin D deficiency include: a) children born to mothers who are vitamin D deficient (seen most commonly in mothers with dark skin colour who are veiled) (2,5), ...

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