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Preface Why a Handbook on Cervix Cancer Screening ?

Source: www.iarc.fr
Topic: Cervix
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Sort Desciption: Why a Handbook on Cervix Cancer Screening ? Cervix cancer is an important public ... vention of cervical cancer opens a new. avenue for control of cervix cancer. ...

Content Inside:
Cervix cancer is an important public health problem. It is the third cancer in frequency in women worldwide and the most or second most common cancer among women in developing countries. The conventional screening modality for cervical squamous intraepithelial lesions is the cytological test, or Pap smear. This was introduced as a routine screening modality in much of Europe, North America and Oceania without formal evidence on efficacy from randomized trials. However, data on time trends in countries with centrally organized programmes that started in the 1960s and 1970s have provided convincing evidence that cervical cytology screening, by the identification and treatment of preinvasive lesions, can prevent a large proportion of invasive cervical cancers. In 1985, the IARC, in collaboration with the UICC, published a monograph on cervical cancer screening, which included a detailed analysis of the effectiveness of different screening policies, including the frequency of screening and the age at which it should start. That volume has been widely used, particularly in Europe, to define national screening policy. Since 1985, there have been two notable advances. The most important is the identification of certain oncogenic types of human papillomavirus (HPV) as the major cause of cervical cancer; indeed it may be that the disease does not occur in the absence of HPV ...

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