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Source: www.cancer.org
Topic: Bladder
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Sort Desciption: ... Bladder ... unusual for patients with bladder cancer to have a similar ... cancer has spread from the urothelium to the deeper layers of the bladder ...
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CRC BLADDER CANCER BLADDER CANCER What Is Bladder Cancer? The Normal Bladder The bladder is a hollow pelvic organ with flexible, muscular walls that stores urine. The average adult bladder holds about 2 cups of urine. Urine is made by the two kidneys and carried to the bladder by two tubes called ureters. The bladder empties the urine through another tube called the urethra. In women, the urethra is a very short tube that ends just in front of the vagina. In men, the urethra is longer. It passes through the prostate gland and the penis, and ends at the tip of the penis. 2 The wall of the bladder has several layers. Knowing how many of these cell layers the cancer has invaded helps doctors in evaluating a patients outlook for survival and in selecting the most appropriate treatment options. A layer of urothelial cells (also called transitional cells) lines the inside of the kidney, ureter, bladder, and urethra. This layer is called the urothelium or transitional epithelium . Beneath the urothelium, there is a thin zone of connective tissue called the lamina propria. The next deeper layer is a wider zone of muscle tissue called the muscularis propria. Beyond this muscle, another zone of fatty connective tissue separates the bladder from other nearby organs. Types of Bladder Cancer Bladder tumors are grouped into several types by the way they appear under a microscope. The three main types of cancers that affect the bladder are urothelial carcinoma (also known as transitional ...
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