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Leukemia - SEER Pediatric Monograph


image: Leukemia - SEER Pediatric Monograph

Source: seer.cancer.gov
Topic: Leukemia
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Sort Desciption: Incidence For the years from 1990-95, the leukemias represented 31% of all cancer cases occurring among children younger than 15 years of age and 25% of cancer cases occurring among those younger than 20 years of age. ...

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Incidence For the years from 1990-95, the leukemias represented 31% of all cancer cases occurring among children younger than 15 years of age and 25% of cancer cases occurring among those younger than 20 years of age. In the US there are approximately 3,250 children diagnosed each year with leukemia and 2,400 with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). The relative contribution of leukemia to the total childhood cancer burden varies markedly with age, being 17% in the first year of life, increasing to 46% for 2 and 3 year olds, and then decreasing to only 9% for 19 year olds (Figure I.1). The two major types of leukemia were ALL comprising nearly three-fourths and acute non-lymphocytic comprising 19%. There was a sharp peak in ALL incidence among 2-3 year olds (> 80 per million) which decreases to a rate of 20 per million for 8-10 year olds. The incidence of ALL among 2-3 year olds is approximately 4-fold greater than that for infants and is nearly 10-fold greater than that for 19 year olds (Figure I.2a). Leukemia rates are substantially higher for white children than for black children, with rates of 45.6 versus 27.8 per million for the period from 1986-95 for children 0-14 years old (Table I.4). This difference between white and black children is most apparent when examining rates of leukemia by single year of age (Figure I.3), with a nearly 3-fold higher incidence at 2-3 years of age for white children compared to black children. The incidence of leukemia among children younger than 15 years of age has shown a moderate increase in the past 20 years (Figure I.4) with the trend primarily reflecting an increase in ALL incidence during this period. The rates of leukemias other than ALL did not appear to increase from 1977 to 1995 (Figure I.5) Survival Survival for children with ALL ...

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