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How HIV/AIDS Affects Population

Source: www.prb.org
Topic: Hiv/Aids
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Sort Desciption: The AIDS epidemic is one of the most destructive health crises of modern times, ravaging families and communities throughout the world. By 2005, more than 25 million people had died and ...

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The AIDS epidemic is one of the most destructive health crises of modern times, ravaging families and communities throughout the world. By 2005, more than 25 million people had died and an estimated 39 million were living with HIV. An estimated 4 million people were newly infected with HIV in 200595 percent of them in sub-Saharan Africa, Eastern Europe, or Asia. While sub-Saharan Africa has been hardest hit, other regions also face serious AIDS epidemics (see the table and Box 1). In recent years, nationally representative surveys have enabled researchers to lower the previously published HIV prevalence estimates for some countries. But the number of people infected and the effects on their families, communities, and countries are still staggering. 1 This policy brief gives an overview of the effects of HIV and AIDS on population size, characteristics, and well-being. It also highlights the major efforts needed to control the epidemic. The pandemic continues to spread worldwide despite prevention efforts and successes in a few countries. Comprehensive approaches to improve reproductive and sexual health will require continued commitment and investment. Demographic and Health Effects of HIV/AIDS Countries that have been hard hit by the AIDS epidemic have seen mortality surge and life expectancy drop in the last decade, as detailed below. But because the severely affected countries in sub-Saharan Africa also have high fertility (average births per woman) and most have relatively small populations, the epidemic has not led to population decline in the region. In a few countries, such as Botswana, Lesotho, and South Africa, population growth has slowed dramatically or stopped due to AIDS, but overall growth in the region surpasses that of other world regions. Even accounting for AIDS-related mortality, subSaharan Africas population is projected to grow from 767 million in 2006 to 1.7 ...

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