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THE ROLE OF CHOLESTEROL

Source: info.med.yale.edu
Topic: Blood Cholesterol
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Since the mid-1980s, when the National Cholesterol Education Program and the American Heart Association began a nationwide campaign to lower this countrys average blood cholesterol level, the role of cholesterol in coronary heart disease (CHD) has come under scrutiny. In the public realm, manufacturers and advertisers played on consumer concerns by using oversimplified claims for products ranging from fish oil to breakfast cereals. Within the medical and scientific communities, the debate continues on what levels are truly high and on how best to approach the issue of controlling this major risk factor for cardiovascular disease. One thing remains certain: A high level of cholesterol in the bloodstream is one of the major factors, along with smoking and high blood pressure, contributing to coronary heart disease, the nations leading cause of death. How this risk factor relates to any one individuals health and life-style, however, is a far more complex matter. Cholesterol is not an immediate threat to the entire population, as some would claim; nor is it a myth generated by overzealous public health officials and medical experts, as others have contended. In reality, elevated blood cholesterol does impart an increased risk for the development of coronary heart disease. The extent of this increase in risk depends on the degree of the cholesterol abnormality, together with other factors, including heredity, age, and gender. The presence of other coronary heart disease risk factors, such as high blood pressure, smoking, or diabetes, will also affect risk. The final determination of how to handle the cholesterol question rests with an individual and his or her physician. In this chapter, we will examine the evidence that cholesterol does indeed pose a health risk and that control over cholesterol levels can lower that risk. The governments guidelines for cholesterol levels will be rev ...

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