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ANEMIA, IRON DEFICIENCY, AND IRON DEFICIENCY ANEMIA

Source: www.unsystem.org
Topic: Anemia
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Sort Desciption: There is also evidence that anemia may result in reduced growth and increased morbidity. Given the magnitude of the problem, greater efforts are needed to develop and implement programs both to prevent and to control anemia. ...

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ANEMIA, IRON DEFICIENCY, AND IRON DEFICIENCY ANEMIA Anemia is one of the most widespread public health problems, especially in developing countries, and has important health and welfare, social, and economic consequences. These include impaired cognitive development, reduced physical work capacity, and in severe cases increased risk of mortality, particularly during the perinatal period. There is also evidence that anemia may result in reduced growth and increased morbidity. Given the magnitude of the problem, greater efforts are needed to develop and implement programs both to prevent and to control anemia. In program development, it is essential to understand the differences between anemia, iron deficiency, and iron deficiency anemia, and to recognize that anemia can result both from nutrition-related causes and from inflammatory/infectious disease, as well as from blood loss. Anemia can result from nutrition related causes, in particular iron deficiency, from inflammatory/ infectious disease, and from blood loss. This statement was prepared by Dr. Penelope Nestel and Dr. Lena Davidsson. It was reviewed by the INACG Steering Committee. What is anemia? Anemia is defined as a hemoglobin concentration lower than the established cutoff defined by the World Health Organization. This cutoff figure ranges from 110 g/L for pregnant women and for children 6 months5 years of age, to 120 g/L for non pregnant women, to 130 g/L for men. 1 In addition to sex, age, and pregnancy status, other factors influence the cutoff values for hemoglobin concentration. These include altitude, race, and whether the individual smokes. 1 Anemia can be diagnosed by analyzing the hemoglobin concentration in blood or by measuring the proportion of red blood cells in whole blood (hematocrit). Hemoglobin is an iron-containing protein in red blood cells that carries oxygen from the lungs to cells throughout the body. Without sufficient oxygen the p ...

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