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Anemia

Source: www.healthandage.com
Topic: Anemia
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Sort Desciption: It is a great problem globally and worse in developing countries, but by no means absent in industrialized nations. Anemia is not a single disease but a condition, like fever, with many possible causes and many forms. ...

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Anemia is an abnormal reduction in red blood cells. It is a great problem globally and worse in developing countries, but by no means absent in industrialized nations. Anemia is not a single disease but a condition, like fever, with many possible causes and many forms. It can occur because of blood loss from injury or internal bleeding, the destruction of red blood cells, or insufficient red blood cell production. It is impossible to discuss each type of anemia here, so this report focuses on three of the most common forms of anemia: Iron deficiency anemia. Megaloblastic anemia (caused by deficiencies in the B vitamins folate, vitamin B12, or both). Anemia of chronic disease (ACD). Some less common causes and types of anemia are included in a table later in this report. Blood Blood has two major components: Plasma is a clear yellow liquid that contains proteins, nutrients, hormones, electrolytes, and other substances. It constitutes about 55% of blood. White and red blood cells and platelets make up the balance of blood. The white cells are the infection fighters for the body, and platelets are necessary for blood clotting. The important factors in anemia, however, are red blood cells. Red blood cells (RBCs), also known as erythrocytes, carry oxygen throughout the body to nourish tissues and sustain life. Red blood cells are the most abundant cells in our bodies; men have about 5,200,000 and women about 4,700,000 per cubic millimeter of blood. Hemoglobin and Iron Each red blood cell contains between 200 and 300 hemoglobin molecules. Hemoglobin is a complex molecule and the most important component of red blood cells. It is composed of protein (globulin) and a molecule (heme), which binds to iron. In the lungs, the heme component binds to oxygen in exchange for carbon dioxide. The oxygenated red blood cells are then transported to the bodys tissues, where the hemoglobin releases the oxygen in exchange for carbon dioxide, and the cycle repe ...

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